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\n \u064a\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0636 \u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0633\u0648\u0644\u0648 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 . \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0628\u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0628\u062d \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062f\u062e\u0644\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062c\u0632 \u0639\u0646 \u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0644\u0645\u063a\u0631\u0628 \u0648\u0646\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 .
\n\u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/p>\n
\u0645\u0627 \u062d\u062f\u062b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0642 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 nonmonotonic \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u064a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0648\u062f\u0632 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u0639\u062a \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0645\u0638\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0631\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0645\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u062a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0628\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u0641\u0634\u0644\u062a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u0645\u064a\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0635\u0631\u0645 \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u0627\u0634\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0644\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0633\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627.
\n\u0648\u0642\u062f \u062d\u062f\u062f\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u062a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062c\u0648\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0645 \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u063a\u0641\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0627\u0644 country specific factors \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0646\u0627 \u0633\u0646\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0644\u062e\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a:<\/p>\n
\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0627: \u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0643\u0648\u0647\u064a\u0646 (1993) \u0648\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0633( 2003) \u0627\u0648\u0636\u062d\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0644\u0627\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062d\u0629 crowding-out effect \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u064a. \u0641\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644 debt -induced liquidity constraint. \u0641\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u062a\u064a\u062c\u0629 \u0644\u0627\u0646\u0634\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0633\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f.
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\u0648\u0641\u064a \u062a\u0643\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0637\u0628\u0642\u062a \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u062f\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0649. <\/p>\n
\u0633\u0628\u0646\u0627 \u0625\u0645\u0627\u0645<\/p>\n
\u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629:<\/p>\n
Ayadi, F.S. and Ayadi, F.O., 2008. The impact of external debt on economic growth: A comparative study of Nigeria and South Africa. Journal of sustainable development in Africa, 10(3), pp.234-264.<\/p>\n
Fosu, A.K., 1996. The impact of external debt on economic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa. Journal of economic development, 21(1), pp.93-118.<\/p>\n
Pattillo, C.A., Poirson, H. and Ricci, L.A., 2002. External debt and growth.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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